Figure 2.

Exogenous fatty acids increase neutral lipid levels to a greater extent in M1 relative to M2 macrophages. M1 and M2 BMDMs were treated individually for 4 h with 200 μM palmitic acid (16:0), oleic acid (18:1), arachidonic acid (20:4), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6), or vehicle control (BSA). Samples were analyzed by MS lipidomics and the levels of individual TG species (A–E), DG species (F–H), and CE species (I–L) were determined. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test was used to determine statistically significant differences. ∗, ∗∗, ∗∗∗, and ∗∗∗∗ indicate significant differences between pairwise comparisons of the indicated groups at the following significance level: p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, and p < 0.00001, respectively. Data are shown as mean ± S.D. (error bars) as well as with individual data points from each biological replicate.