Figure 3:

Simulation results for REHE and reREHE compared to REML. a - CPU time in seconds (${\mathrm{l}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{g}}_{10}$ scale): time is presented separately for fitting the model using REML (REML), for only computing point estimates by REHE (REHE est), for constructing confidence interval for variance components with REHE (REHE CI), for only computing point estimates by reREHE with subsampling rate $r_s=0.05$ (reREHE 0.05) and reREHE with subsampling rate $r_s=0.1$ (reREHE 0.1). b - Root mean squared error (RMSE) for heritability estimation; simulation was based on true values ${\sigma }_0^2=0.1,{\sigma }_1^2=0.1$, where ${\sigma }_0^2$ is the variance for noise, and ${\sigma }_1^2$ is the variance for the random effect. c - RMSE for ${\sigma }_1^2$ estimation; simulation was based on true values ${\sigma }_0^2=0.01,{\sigma }_1^2=0.1$.