Table 3.
Regions of Interest analysis on gender identity
| Reference | ROI | Parameters | Trans_vs_Natal Sex | Trans_vs_Opposite Sex | Trans_vs_Cis | M_vs_F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hahn et al. (2015) | Subcortical L | HCR | Nr | Nr | Nd | Nd |
| Subcortical R | HCR | Nr | Nr | v | v | |
| Subcortical R–frontal R | LCW | Nr | Nr | Nd | Nd | |
| Subcortical L–parietal L | LCW | Nr | Nr | Nd | Nd | |
| Hoekzema et al. (2015) | Cerebellum L | Volume | Nd | Nr | Nr | v |
| Cerebellum R | Volume | Nd | Nr | Nr | v | |
| Hypothalamus | Volume | x | Nr | Nr | v | |
| Medial frontal cortex | Volume | Nd | Nr | Nr | v | |
| Kranz et al. (2018) | Hypothalamus | MD | x | x | x | v |
| Kranz et al. (2014b) | GM | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | x | v |
| WM | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | x | v | |
| CSF | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | x | v | |
| TIV | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | x | v | |
| CST R | MD | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v | v | |
| CST L | MD | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v | v | |
| Forceps major | MD | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | x | |
| Forceps minor | MD | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v | v | |
| CST R | FA | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | x | |
| CST L | FA | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | x | |
| Forceps major | FA | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | x | |
| Forceps minor | FA | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | v (MtF)–v (FtM) | x | x | |
| Luders et al. (2009) | Frontal lobe | Volume | x | v | Nd | v |
| Occipital lobe | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Parietal lobe | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| SFG | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Midline | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Frontal pole | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Caudate nucleus | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Putamen | Volume | v | x | Nd | v | |
| Subcallosum gyrus | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Mammillary body | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Amygdala | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Thalamus | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Hypothalamus | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Basal surface | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Manzouri et al. (2017) | Cortex | CTh | v | v | v | v |
| Surface | SA | x | v | Nd | v | |
| GM | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Hippocampus R | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Hippocampus L | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Thalamus R | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Thalamus L | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Caudate R | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Caudate L | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Putamen R | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Putamen L | Volume | v | v | v | v | |
| Amygdala R | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Amygdala L | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Cerebellum R | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Cerebellum L | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Pallidum R | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Pallidum L | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Total intracranial | TIV | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Pol et al. (2006) | Intracranial | Volume | x | v | x | v |
| Total brain | Volume | x | v | x | v | |
| Hypothalamus | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| 3rd ventricle | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Lateral ventricle | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| GM | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| WM | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Rametti et al. (2011a) | SLF R | FA | v | x | Nd | v |
| Forceps minor | FA | v | x | Nd | v | |
| CST | FA | v | v | v | v | |
| Rametti et al. (2011b) | GM | Volume | x | v | Nd | v |
| WM | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| CSF | Volume | x | v | Nd | v | |
| Total intracranial | TIV | x | v | Nd | v | |
| SLF R | FA | v | v | v | v | |
| Forceps minor | FA | v | v | v | v | |
| CST | FA | v | v | v | v | |
| Anterior Cingulum R | FA | v | v | v | v | |
| Savic and Arver (2011) | Hippocampus | Volume | x | Nd | Nd | v |
| Thalamus | Volume | v | v | v | x | |
| Caudate | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Putamen | Volume | v | v | v | x | |
| Total tissue | Volume | x | Nd | Nd | v | |
| Total brain | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| GM | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| WM | Volume | x | x | x | x | |
| Yokota et al. (2005) | Corpus callosum | Shape | v | v | v | v |
| Zubiaurre-Elorza et al. (2013) | Cortex | CTh | v (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–v (FtM) | Nd | v |
| Putamen R | Volume | x (MtF)–v (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | Nd | v | |
| Putamen L | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | Nr | |
| Thalamus | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | Nr | |
| Caudate | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | Nr | |
| Pallidum | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | Nr | |
| Hippocampus | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | Nr | |
| Amygdala | Volume | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x (MtF)–x (FtM) | x | Nr |
Cis, natal and opposite sex; GM, gray matter; WM, white matter; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CST, corticospinal tract; SFG, superior frontal gyrus; SLF, superior longitudinal fasciculus; R, right; L, left; HCR, hemispheric connectivity ratio; LCW, lobar connectivity weight; MD, mean diffusivity; FA, fractional anisotropy; CTh, cortical thickness; SA, surface area; GMV, gray matter volume; TIV, total intracranial volume; v, differences; x, non differences; Nd, not definable; Nr, not reported