Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, anthropometric and biochemical of participant’s factors according to the dietary inflammatory index score.
| Variables | Total | Quartiles of dietary inflammatory index (DII) | P value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| Frequency | 8520 | 2124 | 2089 | 2121 | 2186 | – |
| DII score, mean ± SD | −2.32 ± 1.61 | −4.04 ± 0.41 | −3.13 ± 0.25 | −2.10 ± 0.38 | −0.08 ± 1.05 | – |
| Age (year) | 47.24 ± 8.31 | 48.85 ± 8.52 | 47.42 ± 8.34 | 46.59 ± 8.17 | 46.13 ± 7.98 | < 0.001 |
| Sex (% male) | 4275 (50.18) | 888 (20.77) | 966 (22.60) | 1098 (25.68) | 1323 (30.95) | < 0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 1042 (23.06) | 233 (30.14) | 255 (27.04) | 254 (21.01) | 300 (18.82) | < 0.001 |
| Use alcohol, n (%) | 564 (6.62) | 103 (4.85) | 115 (5.51) | 143 (6.74) | 203 (9.29) | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 73.07 ± 13.67 | 70.10 ± 13.42 | 72.26 ± 13.27 | 73.77 ± 13.63 | 76.05 ± 13.67 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.44 ± 4.60 | 26.97 ± 4.62 | 27.35 ± 4.60 | 27.53 ± 4.63 | 27.90 ± 4.54 | < 0.001 |
| BFM (kg) | 33.47 ± 9.52 | 24.22 ± 9.22 | 24.90 ± 9.56 | 25.12 ± 9.66 | 25.26 ± 9.72 | < 0.001 |
| WHR | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.93 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | < 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 97.10 ± 10.51 | 97.10 ± 10.84 | 97.28 ± 10.34 | 97.25 ± 10.45 | 96.75 ± 10.37 | 0.328 |
| VFA | 120.92 ± 51.51 | 119.29 ± 50.70 | 121 ± 51.65 | 121.80 ± 51.86 | 121.08 ± 51.80 | 0.386 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 138.64 ± 85.58 | 135.40 ± 82.90 | 136.51 ± 79.61 | 138.33 ± 83.36 | 144.11 ± 95.06 | 0.004 |
| AST (UI/L) | 21.51 ± 8.88 | 21.34 ± 7.97 | 21.39 ± 8.40 | 21.40 ± 8.33 | 21.88 ± 10.52 | 0.161 |
| ALT (UI/L) | 25.04 ± 14.73 | 23.23 ± 13.18 | 24.21 ± 14.25 | 25.69 ± 15.31 | 26.95 ± 15.76 | < 0.001 |
| AST/ALT ratio | 0.96 ± 0.34 | 1.02 ± 0.33 | 0.98 ± 0.38 | 0.93 ± 0.32 | 0.90 ± 0.28 | < 0.001 |
| GGT (UI/L) | 361.40 ± 262.39 | 350.58 ± 261.90 | 360.99 ± 268.67 | 363.83 ± 63.16 | 369.92 ± 255.79 | 0.106 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 108.50 ± 17.11 | 108.69 ± 18.10 | 107.25 ± 16.40 | 108.26 ± 17.06 | 109.74 ± 16.77 | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 70.03 ± 9.98 | 69.90 ± 10.21 | 69.20 ± 9.45 | 69.85 ± 9.95 | 71.13 ± 10.21 | < 0.001 |
| FLI | 87.80 ± 2.86 | 87.45 ± 4.50 | 87.75 ± 3.98 | 87.90 ± 3.79 | 88.10 ± 3.62 | < 0.001 |
AST aspartate transaminase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, BFM body fat mass, BMI body mass index, DII dietary inflammatory index, FLI fatty liver index, GGT gamma-glutamyl-transferase, TG triglycerides, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, VFA visceral fat area, WC waist circumference, WHR waist hip ratio.
*Analysis of variance (ANOVA), P < 0.05.