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. 2021 Nov 19;11:22602. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01860-9

Table 3.

Years to hemodialysis, hospitalization, and mortality in patients with CKD stages 3–5 with or without pay for performance program.

Hemodialysis Hospitalization Mortality
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD
With P4P 2.52 ± 2.44 2.86 ± 2.70 3.47 ± 2.80
Without P4P 2.28 ± 2.22 2.53 ± 2.46 3.38 ± 2.82
Total 2.38 ± 2.33 2.67 ± 2.56 3.43 ± 2.81

P4P = pay for performance program; SD = standard deviation.