Fig. 1. Patient enrollment flowchart.

Of the 116 lung cancer patients enrolled in our study, 103 of them had their tumor and plasma samples sequenced. After excluding patients who had no detectable tumor mutations, tumor and plasma data from 91 patients were subjected to further analyses, including 88 patients with pretreatment plasma samples, 85 with postsurgical plasma samples, 64 with post-ACT plasma samples, and 89 with serial plasma samples.