Table 1.

Health Workforce Supply in Expansion vs. Non-Expansion States (2008–2017)

Provider Category	Pre Medicaid Expansion			Medicaid Expansion Period
	2008	2013	Annualized Growth	2014	2017	Annualized Growth
BCBAs
Non-expansion states (n=19)	3.37 (3.37)	9.23 (7.46)	1.17	11.83 (9.55)	19.59 (13.69)	2.59
Expansion states (n=31)	5.05 (5.53)	14.82 (13.05)	1.95	19.62 (16.58)	33.78 (27.34)	4.72
Child Psychiatrists
Non-expansion states (n=19)	6.42 (2.77)	7.10 (2.74)	0.14	7.12 (2.90)	7.48 (2.81)	0.12
Expansion states (n=31)	9.25 (4.87)	10.98 (5.86)	0.35	11.08 (5.93)	12.32 (7.09)	0.41
Pediatricians
Non-expansion states (n=19)	49.07 (13.91)	52.95 (14.08)	0.78	53.52 (14.50)	54.44 (15.05)	0.31
Expansion states (n=31)	66.77 (24.55)	71.05 (24.52)	0.86	71.61 (24.91)	72.19 (24.81)	0.19

Footnote: “Pre- Medicaid Expansion” represents a time interval prior to implementation of Medicaid expansion in the U.S. (2008–2013), while the “Medicaid Expansion Period” represents a time interval (2014–2017) during which implementation of Medicaid expansion has taken place in 31 states. Workforce supply levels represented as the unadjusted, average state-level number of providers per 100,000 children. Parentheticals represent standard deviations. “Annualized Growth” is the unadjusted, average annual state-level growth in number of providers per 100,000 children during the time periods of interest.