Fig. 1.

Optimization of a V. natriegens growth medium suitable for repetitive-batch cultivation.V. natriegens growth in standard VN (VNstd) with 15 g l⁻¹ glucose or 20 g l⁻¹ glucose, and optimized VN (VNopt) with 15 g l⁻¹ glucose or 20 g l⁻¹ glucose. For two repetitive cultivations, backscatter (indicates biomass), dissolved oxygen and pH were measured online (n = 3, mean and standard deviation are shown), and samples were taken for measurement of glucose, acetate, pyruvate and lactate concentrations (n = 1 representative culture). Vertical grey lines indicate end of first exponential phase of culture in VNopt with 15 g l⁻¹ glucose.