Table 2.
Effect sizes for T1 and T2 for secondary outcomes
| Timepoints | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | |||||
| Secondary Outcomes | # of studies | SMD (95% CI) | I2 (%) | # of studies | SMD (95% CI) | I2 (%) |
| Anxiety | 7 | -0.42 [− 0.73, − 0.12] | 73 | 4 | − 0.52 [− 0.94, − 0.10] | 77 |
| Mental Component Score (HRQoL) | 5 | 0.43 [0.09, 0.76] | 60 | 3 | 0.12 [− 0.28, 0.53] | 67 |
| Physical Component Score (HRQoL) | 5 | 0.01 [−0.18, 0.20] | 0 | 3 | 0.03 [−0.18, 0.24] | 0 |
| Fatigue | 3 | −0.36 [− 0.67, − 0.06] | 50 | 1 | −0.60 [− 0.78, − 0.41] | |
| Glycemic Control (HbA1c) | 3 | − 0.08 [− 0.57, 0.41] | 49 | 4 | −0.35 [− 0.62, − 0.07] | 0 |
Note: T1 baseline to < 6-months; T2 ≥ 6-months. HRQoL Health-related Quality of Life, I2 Higgin’s I2 statistic, CI confidence interval