Table 2.

Patient’s clinical parameters at baseline and after treatments (CPAP or CPAP+LCKD, 4 weeks). Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation. *Any p<0.05 was considered statistically significant

Clinical parameters	Groups	Baseline	Follow-up (4 weeks)	p
Body weight	CPAP	132.7 ± 23	131.6 ± 22.3	0.816
	CPAP+LCKD	143.6 ± 23.6	129.7 ± 23.7	0.0052*
BMI	CPAP	47.6 ± 5.9	47.2 ± 5.7	0.756
	CPAP+LCKD	50.1 ± 5.9	45.3 ± 6.5	<0.001*
AHI score	CPAP	63.3 ± 21	47.9 ± 20	0.0023
	CPAP+LCKD	62.7 ± 22.4	50.4 ± 22.7	0.0272*
CRP (mg/L)	CPAP	5.95 ± 5.9	6.36 ± 6.0	0.855
	CPAP+LCKD	6.12 ± 5.96	2.66 ± 2.57	0.0161*
Blood pressure (systolic, mmHg)	CPAP	134.2 ± 10.4	130 ± 9.7	0.0721
	CPAP+LCKD	142.8 ± 13.3	133 ± 11.9	0.0008*
Blood pressure (diastolic, mmHg)	CPAP	87 ± 11.6	82 ± 9.5	0.0623
	CPAP+LCKD	85.4 ± 8.38	78.7 ± 6.43	0.0007*
Insulin (mcU/mL)	CPAP	11 ± 7.04	10.4 ± 6.9	0.696
	CPAP+LCKD	11.8 ± 6.3	10.6 ± 5.6	0.422
HOMA Index	CPAP	2.67 ± 1.71	2.46 ± 1.66	0.430
	CPAP+LCKD	3.46 ± 2.66	2.76 ± 2.14	0.181
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	CPAP	196.1 ± 32.9	180.8 ± 33.0	0.153
	CPAP+LCKD	200.1 ± 30.1	180.4 ± 35.2	0.0183*
HDL (mg/dL)	CPAP	46.4 ± 10.3	47.3 ± 9.8	0.612
	CPAP+LCKD	48.3 ± 9.41	48.8 ± 10.4	0.910
LDL (mg/dL)	CPAP	128 ± 30.2	112.9 ± 34.9	0.139
	CPAP+LCKD	127.4 ± 26.8	107.1 ± 37.1	0.0198*
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	CPAP	151.6 ± 62.5	129.7 ± 62.2	0.0985
	CPAP+LCKD	191 ± 41.7	130 ± 79	<0.001*
Ketonemia (mmol/L)	CPAP	0.246 ± 0.32	0.240 ± 0.20	0.410
	CPAP+LCKD	0.299 ± 0.41	0.893 ± 1.22	0.0002*

CPAP continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP+LCKD continuous positive airway pressure + low calories ketogenic diet, AHI apnea–hypopnea index, CRP C-reactive protein, HOMA Index homeostasis model assessment, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein