Table 3.

Definition of real-world data by ISPOR, ABPI, RAND, IMI-GetReal [16].

Adapted with permission from Value Health 2017; 20(7):858-65. Copyright© 2017 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Organization	RWD definition
ISPOR	Data used for decision making that are not collected in conventional RCTs
ABPI	Data obtained by any non-interventional methodology that describe what is happening in normal clinical practice
RAND Corporation	Umbrella term for different types of healthcare data that are not collected in conventional RCTs Comes from various sources in healthcare sector, and includes patient data, as well as data from clinicians, hospitals and payers, and social data
IMI-GetReal	Umbrella term for data regarding the effects of health interventions (e.g., benefit, risk, and resource use) that are not collected in conventional RCTs Collected both prospectively and retrospective from observations of routine clinical practice, and include (but are not limited to) clinical and economic outcomes, PROs and health-related QOL Can be obtained from many sources including patient registries, EMRs and observational studies

ABPI Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, EMR electronic medical record, ISPOR International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, PRO patient-reported outcome, QOL quality of life, RCT randomized controlled trial, RWD real-world data