Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the 366 patients.
|
Total (n = 366) |
Barthel index | p -value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤90 (n = 159) | ≥95 (n = 207) | |||
| Female sex, n (%) | 153 (42) | 75 (47) | 78 (38) | 0.07a |
| Age in years, mean (standard deviation) | 69 (15) | 75 (13) | 64 (15) | <0.001b |
| Living situation/condition pre-stroke, n (%) | ||||
| Lives at home without help | 334 (91) | 134 (85) | 200 (97) | <0.001a |
| Independent in activities of daily living | 354 (97) | 151 (95) | 203 (98) | 0.10 |
| Living alone | 155 (42) | 84 (53) | 71 (34) | <0.001a |
| Risk factors, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 47 (13) | 22 (14) | 25 (12) | 0.62a |
| Smoking | 55 (16) | 16 (11) | 39 (20) | 0.02a |
| Previous stroke | 64 (18) | 32 (21) | 32 (16) | 0.23a |
| Hypertensive treatment | 184 (51) | 91 (58) | 93 (46) | 0.02a |
| Stroke type, n (%) | 0.68a | |||
| Hemorrhagic | 32 (9) | 15 (9) | 17 (8) | |
| Ischemic classificationc, n (%) | ||||
| Total anterior circulation | 3 (1) | 2 (1) | 1(0.5) | |
| Partial anterior circulation | 54 (15) | 29 (18) | 25 (12) | |
| Posterior circulation syndrome | 122 (33) | 60 (38) | 62 (30) | |
| Lacunar syndrome | 155 (42.3) | 53 (33) | 102 (49) | |
| Treatments, yes, n (%) | ||||
| Revascularization (Thrombolysis or/and thrombectomy) | 81 (23) | 39 (25) | 42 (21) | 0.33a |
| Thrombolysis | 72 (20) | 37 (23) | 35 (17) | |
| Thrombectomy | 22 (6) | 13 (8) | 9 (4) | |
| Stroke-related outcomes, median (range[Q1–Q3]) | ||||
| National Institutes of Health Stroke Scaled | 2(0–19[0–3]) | 2(0–19[1–5]) | 1(0–14[0–2]) | <0.001b |
| Barthel Indexe | 95(10–100[80–100]) | |||
| Montreal cognitive assessmente | 24(3–30[20–27]) | 22(4–30[18–25]) | 25(3–30[23–27]) | <0.001b |
| Length of hospital stay in days | 7(0–43[4–11]) | 10(1–43[5–17]) | 5(0–20[4–8]) | <0.001b |
| Discharge destination, n (%) | <0.001a | |||
| Own home | 317 (87) | 122 (77) | 195 (94) | |
| Nursing home | 15 (4) | 11 (7) | 4 (2) | |
| Another acute clinic | 9 (2) | 4 (3) | 5 (2) | |
| Geriatric/rehabilitation clinic | 25 (7) | 22 (14) | 3 (1) | |
a
Pearson's chi-squared test;
b
Mann–Whitney U test;
c
According to the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project classification system;
d
Assessed at ≤ 24 h after admission;
e
Assessed within 36–48 h after admission. Bold text indicates significant results. Data were missing for the following variables, diabetes (seven patients, 2%), smoking (20 patients, 5%), previous stroke (eight patients, 2%), hypertensive treatment (seven patients, 2%), revascularization (seven patients, 2%), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (10 patients, 3%).