Table 1.

Key developments in structure‐guided HIV‐1 vaccine designs in the past decade

Year	Development	Reference
2013	First structure of a native‐like trimer in complex with PG9	Julien et al., 2013 [44]
2013	Development of the BG505 SOSIP.664 trimer	Sanders et al., 2013 [31]
2013	First cryo‐EM structure of a native‐like Env trimer	Lyumkis et al., 2013 [36]
2013	First crystal structure of a native‐like Env trimer	Julien et al., 2013 [37]
2014	First structure of the complete pre‐fusion conformation gp41	Pancera et al., 2014 [38]
2014	First dynamics of SOSIP trimers using hydrogen‐deuterium exchange analysis	Guttman et al., 2014 [40]
2016	First cryo‐EM structure of a native HIV‐1 viral envelope	Lee et al., 2016 [39]
2016	Development of the eOD‐GT8 germline‐targeting inmmunogen	Jardine et al., 2016 [118]
2017	Development of the germline‐targeting BG505 SOSIP GT1 trimer	Medina‐Ramirez et al., 2017 [125]
2018	Evaluation of site‐specific glycosylation on virion‐derived Envs	Struwe et al., 2018; Cao et al., 2018 [95, 96]
2018	Analysis of conformational dynamics native‐like Env trimers using DEER spectroscopy	Stadtmueller et al., 2018 [41]
2018	First in‐human phase I clinical trial started with the eOD‐GT8 60mer vaccine candidate	Clinicaltrials.gov [136]
2018	First in‐human phase I clinical trial started with a native‐like Env trimer	Clinicaltrials.gov [137]
2018	Development of electron microscopy‐based polyclonal epitope wrapping (EMPEM)	Bianchi et al., 2018 [112]
2020	First in‐human phase I clinical trial started with a germline‐targeting native‐like Env trimer	C1inicaltrials.gov [124]