Table 1.

Comparison between our results and published estimates of reduction in reproductive number for H1N1pdm09 and seasonal influenza during school closure and holidays. In these comparisons, school contacts were assumed to be reduced by 60% during school closure and holidays.

	published estimates	our estimates
H1N1pdm09 in the UK during summer holidays [6]	35% (30–40%)	37%
H1N1pdm09 in Hong Kong during closure of kindergartens and primary schools [7]	13% (10–15%)	16%
H1N1pdm09 in Hong Kong during summer holidays [7]	35%	37%
H1N1pdm09 in India during summer holidays [8]	14–27%	26%
H1N1pdm09 in China during school holidays [9]	37% (28–45%)	33%
seasonal influenza in France during summer holidays in 1985–2006 [10]	13–17%	17% if no age effect
		35% if H1N1pdm09-like
seasonal influenza B in Hong Kong during closure of kindergartens and primary schools in 2018 [11]	16% (10–26%)	7% if no age effect
		16% if H1N1pdm09-like
seasonal influenza in South Korea during school holidays in 2014–2016 [12]	6–23%	17% if no age effect
		38% if H1N1pdm09-like