Summary of findings 2. Effectiveness against mumps.
| Effectiveness against mumps | |||||
| Patient or population: children 9 months to 15 years old Setting: general population or school or day‐care centre or general practitioner or households Intervention: MMR vaccine Comparison: unvaccinated | |||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Risk of mumps amongst unvaccinated | Risk of mumps amongst vaccinated | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ Jeryl Lynn strain ‐ 1 dose | Study population | RR 0.24 (0.08 to 0.76) | 9915 (6 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATE1 | |
| 91 per 1000 | 22 per 1000 (7 to 69) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ Jeryl Lynn strain ‐ 2 doses | Study population | RR 0.12 (0.04 to 0.35) | 7792 (5 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATE2 | |
| 74 per 1000 | 9 per 1000 (3 to 26) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ Jeryl Lynn strain ‐ unspecified number of doses | Study population | RR 0.23 (0.14 to 0.35) | 2011 (4 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW | |
| 97 per 1000 | 22 per 1000 (14 to 34) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ Jeryl Lynn strain ‐ household contacts | Study population | RR 0.26 (0.13 to 0.49) | 1036 (3 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATE2 | |
| 408 per 1000 | 106 per 1000 (53 to 200) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ Urabe strain ‐ unspecified numbers or at least 1 dose | Study population | RR 0.23 (0.12 to 0.44) | 2721 (4 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW | |
| 202 per 1000 | 47 per 1000 (24 to 89) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ Rubini strain ‐ unspecified numbers or at least 1 dose | Study population | RR 0.96 (0.55 to 1.65) | 4219 (4 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW | |
| 202 per 1000 | 194 per 1000 (111 to 334) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ mumps strain not reported or any strain | Study population | RR 0.52 (0.29 to 0.94) | 769 (2 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW | |
| 225 per 1000 | 117 per 1000 (65 to 212) | ||||
| Cohort studies ‐ third dose versus 2 doses | Study population | RR 0.59 (0.33 to 1.05) | 5417 (2 observational studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW | |
| 7 per 1000 | 4 per 1000 (2 to 8) | ||||
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; MMR: measles, mumps, rubella vaccine; RR: risk ratio | |||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | |||||
1Upgraded one level for large effect size (non‐critical risk of bias in studies). 2Upgraded one level for large effect size (non‐critical risk of bias in studies).