Table 3.

Associations with incident atrial fibrillation for specific non-esterified fatty acids after entering all 35 non-esterified fatty acids concurrently in multivariable models.

NEFA		Model 1		Model 2
Trivial or Systematic Name	Abbrev	HR per SD (95% CI)	P value	HR per SD (95% CI)	P value
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
Lauric acid	12:0	0.97 (0.88–1.06)	0.492	0.99 (0.90–1.08)	0.806
Myristic acid	14:0	1.10 (0.83–1.47)	0.517	1.12 (0.83–1.50)	0.475
Pentadecylic acid	15:0	0.96 (0.76–1.21)	0.725	1.04 (0.81–1.32)	0.783
Palmitic acid	16:0	0.97 (0.74–1.28)	0.830	0.94 (0.70–1.27)	0.693
Stearic acid	18:0	1.17 (0.95–1.43)	0.134	1.16 (0.93–1.43)	0.190
Arachidic acid	20:0	0.87 (0.74–1.01)	0.059	0.85 (0.72–1.00)	0.054
Behenic acid	22:0	0.99 (0.88–1.12)	0.917	1.02 (0.90–1.16)	0.793
Lignoceric acid	24:0	0.98 (0.89–1.08)	0.652	1.01 (0.92–1.11)	0.827
MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
Myristoleic acid	14:1n-5	0.96 (0.76–1.21)	0.703	0.92 (0.73–1.16)	0.483
cis-7-hexadecenoic acid	16:1n-9	1.11 (0.88–1.41)	0.379	1.10 (0.85–1.41)	0.479
Palmitoleic acid	16:1n-7	1.06 (0.79–1.42)	0.700	1.15 (0.84–1.57)	0.396
Oleic acid	18:1n-9	0.69 (0.44–1.08)	0.104	0.76 (0.46–1.26)	0.290
Cis-Vaccenic acid	18:1n-7	1.35 (0.96–1.90)	0.081	1.25 (0.87–1.80)	0.236
Gondoic acid	20:1n-9	0.91 (0.72–1.14)	0.408	0.88 (0.69–1.13)	0.325
Erucic acid	22:1n-9	0.92 (0.84–1.01)	0.094	0.94 (0.85–1.03)	0.185
Nervonic acid	24:1n-9	1.22 (1.14–1.31)	<0.001	1.18 (1.08–1.29)	<0.001
N-6 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
Linoleic acid	18:2n-6	1.27 (0.95–1.71)	0.111	1.27 (0.92–1.76)	0.153
Gamma-Linolenic acid	18:3n-6	0.88 (0.78–0.99)	0.040	0.81 (0.71–0.94)	0.004
Dihomolinoleic acid	20:2n-6	0.91 (0.78–1.06)	0.225	0.89 (0.75–1.06)	0.193
Dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic acid	20:3n-6	1.10 (0.93–1.30)	0.282	1.04 (0.87–1.24)	0.679
Arachidonic acid	20:4n-6	0.91 (0.79–1.05)	0.196	0.91 (0.78–1.06)	0.231
Adrenic acid	22:4n-6	1.01 (0.93–1.11)	0.775	0.98 (0.89–1.08)	0.691
Docosapentaenoic acid	22:5n-6	0.95 (0.84–1.08)	0.424	1.02 (0.90–1.16)	0.712
N-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
Alpha Linolenic acid (ALA)	18:3n-3	0.92 (0.76–1.11)	0.368	0.97 (0.80–1.19)	0.784
Stearidonic acid (SDA)	18:4n-3	1.00 (0.91–1.11)	0.977	1.00 (0.90–1.11)	0.979
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)	20:5n-3	0.98 (0.84–1.13)	0.734	0.99 (0.85–1.15)	0.850
Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)	22:5n-3	1.11 (0.90–1.36)	0.332	1.16 (0.94–1.44)	0.167
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)	22:6n-3	0.92 (0.79–1.08)	0.303	0.93 (0.79–1.09)	0.378
TRANS FATTY ACIDS
trans-7-hexadecenoic acid	16:1n-9	0.92 (0.73–1.17)	0.500	0.92 (0.71–1.20)	0.535
Palmitelaidic acid	16:1n-7	1.03 (0.82–1.29)	0.801	0.92 (0.72–1.18)	0.523
Petroselinic acid	18:1n-1012*	1.44 (1.13–1.82)	0.003	1.28 (0.99–1.66)	0.058
Elaidic acid	18:1n-9	0.84 (0.67–1.06)	0.147	0.95 (0.75–1.22)	0.696
Trans-Vaccenic acid	18:1n-7	0.88 (0.71–1.10)	0.272	0.93 (0.73–1.18)	0.550
Linelaidic acid	18:2	1.00 (0.93–1.09)	0.929	1.01 (0.92–1.10)	0.907
Conjugated Linoleic acid	18:2cla	0.95 (0.84–1.07)	0.375	0.94 (0.83–1.07)	0.365

Model 1 included age, gender, race, and clinic site.

Model 2 included model 1 factors as well as height, weight, smoking status, alcohol usage, physical activity, blood pressure, LDL, HDL, albumin, eGFR, antihypertensive use, prevalent disease (diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke), and other individual NEFAs.

^*sum of 18:1n-10t, 18:1n-11t and 18:1n-12t

NEFA = non-esterified fatty acids, SD = standard deviation, Abbrev = abbreviation, μ mol/L = micromoles per liter, HR = hazard ratio, SD = standard deviation, CI = confidence interval