Table 2.
Demographics, clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters of the target sample
| Variables | Study Cohort | Target sample | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Sepsis | ||||
| No | Yes | p | |||
| N (%) | 180 (100) | 129 (100.0) | 55 (43.0) | 74 (57.0) | |
| Categorical [N (%)] | |||||
| Male Gender | 107 (59) | 82 (63.6) | 32 (58.0) | 50 (68.0) | 0.362 |
| Septic shock | 21 (12) | 21 (16.3) | – | 21 (28.4) | – |
| Bacteremia | 58 (32.2) | 58 (45.0) | 5 (9.0) | 53 (72.0) | < 0.001 |
| Mortality | 46 (25) | 40 (31.0) | 11 (20.0) | 29 (39.2) | 0.03 |
| Continuous Normal [mean (SD)] | |||||
| Age, years | 63.7 (16.5) | 62.40 (16.61) | 63.11 (17.40) | 61.86 (16.06) | 0.680 |
| CCI | 3.5 (2.3) | 3.41 (2.40) | 3.40 (2.50) | 3.42 (2.30) | 0.960 |
| SAPS II† | 48.13 (15.1) | 49.09 (15.06) | 49.13 (13.70) | 49.07 (16.07) | 0.980 |
| SOFA† | 6.8 (3.4) | 7.23 (3.51) | 6.22 (2.95) | 7.99 (3.71) | 0.003 |
| SOFA†† | 7.63 (3.52) | 6.13 (2.69) | 8.06 (3.63) | 0.032 | |
| Length of stay at ICU (days) | 11.56 (8.26) | 12.98 (8.87) | 11.49 (6.96) | 14.09 (9.96) | 0.083 |
| Continuous Non Normal [median (IQR)] | |||||
| MDW | 23.00 (21.00–27.00) | 21.00 (20.00–22.30) | 25.60 (23.10–29.00) | < 0.001 | |
| PCT, ng/mL | 0.95 (0.19–9.8) | 0.21 (0.12–0.91) | 4.15 (0.60–27.00) | < 0.001 | |
| CRP, mg/L | 118.96 (55.28–190.70) | 108.60 (41.64–159.6) | 123.73 (60.57–218.13) | 0.070 | |
| WBCx103/μL | 10.80 (8.00–15.40) | 10.35 (8.17–14.35) | 10.90 (7.80–15.80) | 0.950 | |
| Categorical [N (%)] | |||||
| Main diagnoses at ICU admission | |||||
| Intracerebral haemorrhage | 32 (17.8) | 24 (18.6) | 14 (25.5) | 10 (13.5) | 0.135 |
| Cardiovascular failure | 26 (14.4) | 19 (14.7) | 10 (18.2) | 9 (12.2) | 0.482 |
| Polytrauma | 23 (12.8) | 19 (14.7) | 9 (16.4) | 10 (13.5) | 0.841 |
| Respiratory failure | 20 (11.1) | 11 (8.5) | 3 (5.5) | 8 (10.8) | 0.448 |
| Acute ischemic Stroke | 16 (8.9) | 12 (9.3) | 8 (14.5) | 4 (5.4) | 0.144 |
| Acute kidney failure | 10 (5.6) | 5 (3.9) | 1 (1.8) | 4 (5.4) | 0.560 |
| Head trauma | 9 (5.0) | 6 (4.7) | 3 (5.5) | 3 (4.1) | 1.0 |
| Brain surgery | 9 (5.0) | 5 (3.9) | 3 (5.5) | 2 (2.7) | 0.734 |
| Acidosis in metformin use | 5 (2.8) | 3 (2.3) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (2.7) | 1.0 |
| Septic shock | 4 (2.2) | 4 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (5.4) | 0.215 |
| Haemorrhagic shock | 4 (2.2) | 3 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.1) | 0.357 |
| Peritonitis | 3 (1.7) | 3 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.1) | 0.357 |
| Acute pancreatitis | 2 (1.1) | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.7) | 0.611 |
| Coma in encephalitis | 2 (1.1) | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.7) | 0.611 |
| Consequence of Duodeno-cephalo-Pancreatectomy | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 1.0 |
| Anaphylactic shock | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 1.0 |
| Other | 13 (7.2) | 9 (7.0) | 3 (5.5) | 6 (8.1) | 0.813 |
CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, PCT Procalcitonin; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; MDW Monocyte Distribution Width, WBC White Blood Cell Count; †at ICU admission; ††at sepsis diagnosis, available for 58 patients