TABLE 3.
Neuropsychological Outcomes
Logical Memory Delayed Recall | Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall | Trail Making B-A (Log) | Similarities Test | HVOT(Log) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMD Measure | β [95% CI] | P | β [95% CI] | P | β [95% CI] | P | β [95% CI] | P | β [95% CI] | P |
Men (M1 n=870, M2 n=857) | ||||||||||
Femoral neck M1 | 1.31 [−0.43; 3.04] | 0.140 | 1.70 [0.23; 3.16] | 0.023 | 0.16 [0.05; 0.27] | 0.003 | 0.67 [−0.95; 2.30] | 0.417 | −0.01 [−0.24; 0.22] | 0.937 |
Femoral neck M2 | 1.32 [−0.46; 3.09] | 0.145 | 1.64 [0.15; 3.12] | 0.031 | 0.16 [0.05; 0.27] | 0.004 | 0.89 [−0.77; 2.55] | 0.291 | −0.001 [−0.24; 0.24] | 0.996 |
Femoral trochanter M1 | 0.71 [−0.98; 2.41] | 0.410 | 1.24 [−0.20; 2.68] | 0.091 | 0.15 [0.05; 0.26] | 0.004 | 0.10 [−1.49; 1.69] | 0.899 | −0.05 [−0.28; 0.17] | 0.645 |
Femoral trochanter M2 | 0.69 [−1.07; 2.44] | 0.442 | 1.19 [−0.28; 2.67] | 0.112 | 0.14 [0.04; 0.25] | 0.008 | 0.24 [−1.4; 1.88] | 0.774 | −0.04 [−0.27; 0.20] | 0.747 |
Women (M1 n=1035, M2 n=1015) | ||||||||||
Femoral Neck M1 | 1.03 [−0.87; 2.93] | 0.289 | 0.79 [−0.78; 2.36] | 0.324 | 0.16 [0.04; 0.28] | 0.010 | 0.30 [−1.38; 1.97] | 0.727 | 0.20 [−0.05; 0.46] | 0.117 |
Femoral Neck M2 | 1.08 [−0.89; 3.05] | 0.283 | 0.47 [−1.15; 2.09] | 0.569 | 0.16 [0.03; 0.29] | 0.013 | 0.49 [−1.24; 2.23] | 0.577 | 0.18 [−0.08; 0.44] | 0.176 |
Femoral trochanter M1 | 2.32 [0.50; 4.14] | 0.012 | 1.71 [0.20; 3.21] | 0.026 | 0.07 [−0.05; 0.19] | 0.254 | −0.34 [−1.95; 1.26] | 0.674 | 0.25 [0.004; 0.49] | 0.046 |
Femoral trochanter M2 | 2.72 [0.8; 4.64] | 0.006 | 1.53 [−0.05; 3.11] | 0.058 | 0.08 [−0.04; 0.21] | 0.182 | −0.17 [−1.87; 1.52] | 0.841 | 0.22 [−0.04; 0.48] | 0.094 |
M1: model 1 adjusted for age, education, and time interval between exam and NP assessment.
M2: model 2 adjusted for age, education, time interval between exam and NP assessment, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, smoking, diabetes, prevalent CVD, atrial fibrillation, total cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Bold values indicate statistical significance (P<0.05).
β corresponds to the change in cognitive test outcome associated with a 1 unit-increase in BMD.
CI indicates confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HVOT, Hooper Visual Organization test; NP, neuropsychological.