Table 3.

Correlation statistics between the manual method and the automatic distance metrics of nonwords (N = 987).

Distancemetric	Correct and incorrect spellings		Incorrect spellings
	rs	95% CI	rs	95% CI
SM	.945*	[.94, .95]	.799*	[.77, .81]
RDLD	−.936*	[−.94, −.93]	−.780*	[−.79, −.76]
Norm. RDLD	−.947*	[−.95, −.94]	−.821*	[−.86, −.78]
JaccardD	−.935*	[−.94, −.93]	−.786*	[−.79, −.76]
MasiD	−.933*	[−.94, −.92]	−.778*	[−.78, −.74]

Note. The table provides correlations of the manual approach with the automated distance metrics on all stimuli (Correct and incorrect spellings; N = 987) and correlations of the manual approach and of the automated distance metrics on spellings that were spelled incorrectly (Incorrect spellings; N = 520). Shown in the table are the correlation coefficient (r_s ) and the parametric 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the coefficient, while the asterisk signifies that p < .0001. In bold is the distance metric with the highest score overall. SM = sequence matcher ratio; RDLD = Damerau–Levenshtein distance; Norm. RDLD = normalized Damerau–Levenshtein distance; JaccardD = Jaccard distance; MasiD = Masi distance.