Table 3.
Univariable and Multivariable Mixed Effects Logistic Regression for AKI
| Variable | Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Concomitant CMP-IV | 2.55 (1.70–3.80) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.12–3.18) | 0.017 |
| CPB Time (hours) | 1.91 (1.55–2.37) | <0.001 | 1.59 (1.22–2.07) | 0.001 |
| Type of Operation | ||||
| Reference: MV ± AVR | ||||
| AVR ± CABG | 1.10 (0.70–1.72) | 0.685 | ||
| CABG | 1.14 (0.62–2.12) | 0.671 | ||
| Other | 1.02 (0.57–1.85) | 0.940 | ||
| Sternotomy | 2.20 (1.14– 4.26) | 0.019 | 0.120 | |
| Intraoperative Transfusion | 1.34 (0.84–2.13) | 0.213 | ||
| Length of Stay (days) | 1.13 (1.09–1.17) | <0.001 | 1.11 (1.07–1.16) | <0.001 |
| Year of Surgery | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 0.072 | 0.580 | |
| Male Gender | 1.13 (0.77–1.66) | 0.544 | ||
| Age (years) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.018 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 0.012 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.04 (1.01–1.06) | 0.005 | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 0.003 |
| African American Race | 1.02 (0.42–2.49) | 0.957 | ||
| LVEF | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.514 | ||
| NYHA Class III/IV | 1.26 (0.86–1.85) | 0.234 | ||
| Prior Myocardial Infarction | 1.08 (0.59–1.99) | 0.798 | ||
| Smoking History | 0.75 (0.51–1.10) | 0.141 | ||
| Diabetes | 1.57 (1.02–2.43) | 0.042 | 0.456 | |
| Hypertension | 2.11 (1.28–3.48) | 0.003 | 0.200 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.30 (0.86–1.94) | 0.210 | ||
| GFR (mL/min/1.73m3) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 0.001 | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 1.39 (0.84–2.32) | 0.203 | ||
AKI, acute kidney injury; AVR, aortic valve replacement; BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CMP-IV, Cox-Maze IV procedure; CI, confidence interval; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MV, mitral valve; NYHA, New York Heart Association; OR, odds ratio. CPB time was scaled to hours. Fixed effects are listed above. Surgeon (n=15) was included as a random effect.