Fig. 14.

Intercept random effects for Model 1 during the second wave of the epidemic for 14 WWTPs. A positive (resp. negative) intercept effect means the WWI should be lowered (resp. increased) in order to reflect the epidemic state in the same way that the incidence rate does. The deviations at most shortly exceed 5 units of the WWI: for Nancy, Lagny-sur-Marne (negative intercept effect), Marseille, Lyon, and Evry (positive intercept effects) which is acceptable, the WWI typically ranging from −50 to 150. The WWTP of Paris Seine-Amont was used for the comparison with the Grand Paris incidence rate.