Table 1.
Antioxidant baseline levels stratified by covariates for males from both groups. Data presented a median (interquartile range). References ranges from ARUP, selenium from 23.0 to 190.0 µg/L; zinc from 60.0 to 120.0 µg/dL; and Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) from 5.5 to 18 mg/L
| Male | Vitamin E N = 131 9.5 (8.0, 10.7) |
Selenium N = 124 156.5 (146.0, 174.0) |
Zinc N = 128 88.0 (81.5, 96.0) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (categories) | |||
| ≤ 30 |
9.4 (7.7, 9.8) N = 36 |
151.0 (143.0, 173.0) N = 35 |
88.0 (83.0, 95.0) N = 36 |
| 31–39 |
9.6 (8.3, 11.3) N = 72 |
161.0 (151.0, 176.0) N = 66 |
88.0 (82.0, 96.5) N = 68 |
| ≥ 40 |
9.6 (7.3, 11.1) N = 23 |
150.0 (142.0, 166.0) N = 23 |
88.0 (80.0, 94.5) N = 24 |
| P values | 0.19 | 0.25 | 0.56 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic or Latino |
9.7 (8.1, 10.1) N = 7 |
163.0 (146.0, 169.0) N = 7 |
99.0 (93.0, 104.0) N = 7 |
| Non-Hispanic |
9.4 (7.8, 10.8) N = 120 |
156.0 (144.0, 176.0) N = 112 |
88.0 (81.0, 95.0) N = 116 |
| Unknown |
9.7 (9.6, 12.2) N = 4 |
166.0 (156.0, 169.0) N = 5 |
87.0 (82.0, 93.0) N = 5 |
| P values | 0.67 | 0.91 | 0.11 |
| Race | |||
| White |
9.5 (7.8, 10.7) N = 103 |
157.0 (146.0, 178.0) N = 95 |
88.0 (81.0, 96.0) N = 99 |
| Black |
8.7 (7.0, 11.2) N = 10 |
148.0 (142.0, 160.0) N = 9 |
89.0 (81.0, 102.0) N = 10 |
| Asian |
9.6 (9.0, 13.9) N = 8 |
145.0 (140.0, 154.0) N = 9 |
86.5 (82.0, 93.0) N = 8 |
| Other |
9.7 (9.3, 9.9) N = 10 |
166.0 (151.0, 169.0) N = 11 |
93.0 (82.0, 103.0) N = 11 |
| P values | 0.44 | 0.23 | 0.64 |
| BMI | |||
| Underweight | – | – | – |
| Normal |
9.3 (8.2, 10.2) N = 41 |
160.0 (146.0, 169.0) N = 37 |
87.5 (79.0, 97.5) N = 40 |
| Overweight |
9.5 (7.6, 10.6) N = 44 |
155.0 (142.0, 170.0) N = 43 |
87.5 (82.0, 95.0) N = 44 |
| Obese |
9.7 (7.8, 11.1) N = 45 |
159.0 (150.0, 181.0) N = 43 |
89.0 (82.0, 96.0) N = 43 |
| P values | 0.61 | 0.49 | 0.44 |
| Current smoking | |||
| Yes |
9.2 (7.3, 10.1) N = 15 |
151.5 (145.0, 169.0) N = 14 |
87.0 (81.0, 95.0) N = 14 |
| No |
9.5 (8.1, 10.8) N = 116 |
157.0 (146.0, 174.0) N = 110 |
88.0 (82.0, 96.0) N = 114 |
| P values | 0.89 | 0.72 | 0.61 |
| Marijuana | |||
| Yes |
8.3 (7.3, 10.7) N = 6 |
164.0 (140.0, 185.0) N = 6 |
88.0 (86.0, 88.0) N = 5 |
| No |
9.5 (8.1, 10.6) N = 125 |
156.0 (146.0, 174.0) N = 118 |
88.0 (81.0, 96.0) N = 123 |
| P values | 0.80 | 0.55 | 0.81 |
| Alcohol (current) | |||
| Yes |
9.6 (8.1, 10.8) N = 120 |
156.0 (146.0, 175.0) N = 112 |
88.0 (81.5, 96.0) N = 116 |
| No |
9.0 (7.8, 9.5) N = 11 |
158.5 (147.0, 169.5) N = 12 |
91.5 (81.0, 101.5) N = 12 |
| P values | 0.13 | 0.54 | 0.35 |
| Education level | |||
| High school |
9.4 (7.6, 10.7) N = 23 |
168.5 (160.5, 184.5) N = 20 |
88.0 (82.0, 89.0) N = 23 |
| College |
9.6 (8.3, 10.3) N = 48 |
160.0 (150.0, 177.0) N = 47 |
91.5 (80.0, 97.0) N = 46 |
| Graduate |
9.6 (8.4, 12.1) N = 34 |
151.0 (135.0, 156.0) N = 33 |
87.5 (82.0, 95.0) N = 34 |
| P values | 0.39 | 0.001 | 0.35 |
| Duration of infertility | |||
| 12–24 months |
9.5 (8.2, 10.7) N = 74 |
155.0 (146.0, 169.0) N = 70 |
87.0 (81.0, 95.0) N = 74 |
| 25–36 months |
9.7 (7.8, 11.1) N = 22 |
169.5 (156.5, 185.5) N = 20 |
88.0 (80.0, 97.0) N = 21 |
| 37 + months |
9.2 (7.4, 10.5) N = 29 |
155.5 (146.5, 173.0) N = 28 |
88.5 (83.5, 95.5) N = 28 |
| P values | 0.41 | 0.03 | 0.94 |
| Previous pregnancies | |||
| Yes |
9.7 (7.3, 10.7) N = 53 |
156.0 (146.0, 179.0) N = 47 |
88.0 (82.0, 97.0) N = 50 |
| No |
9.5 (8.4, 10.5) N = 78 |
157.0 (145.0, 169.0) N = 77 |
88.0 (81.0, 96.0) N = 78 |
| P values | 0.59 | 0.26 | 0.79 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married |
9.5 (7.9, 10.8) N = 124 |
156.0 (146.0, 174.0) N = 117 |
88.0 (82.0, 96.0) N = 121 |
| Not married |
9.1 (8.2, 9.7) N = 7 |
160.0 (153.0, 169.0) N = 7 |
84.0 (70.0, 93.0) N = 7 |
| P values | 0.42 | 0.72 | 0.19 |
| Annual household Income | |||
| < 49,999 |
8.5 (8.1, 10.2) N = 13 |
160.0 (154.0, 168.0) N = 13 |
86.5 (82.0, 95.0) N = 14 |
| 50,000 to 100,000 |
9.6 (7.5, 10.5) N = 58 |
159.5 (148.0, 182.0) N = 54 |
91.0 (81.0, 99.0) N = 55 |
| > 100,000 |
9.6 (8.1, 11.4) N = 48 |
155.0 (141.0, 171.0) N = 47 |
87.0 (82.0, 93.0) N = 47 |
| P values | 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.60 |
| Insurance coverage | |||
| MCP/HMO/Private |
9.6 (8.1, 10.8) N = 120 |
156.0 (146.0, 176.0) N = 116 |
88.0 (82.0, 96.0) N = 117 |
| Medicaid/Medicare |
9.5 (9.4, 9.5) N = 2 |
165.0 (157.0, 173.0) N = 2 |
87.5 (82.0, 93.0) N = 2 |
| Self-pay/Uninsured |
8.2 (7.2, 10.2) N = 7 |
146.0 (143.0, 160.0) N = 5 |
78.0 (78.0, 88.0) N = 7 |
| P values | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0.39 |
| Treatment group | |||
| Antioxidant |
9.6 (8.1, 11.1) N = 64 |
154.5 (143.0, 170.0) N = 62 |
88.0 (82.0, 96.0) N = 65 |
| Placebo |
9.5 (7.8, 10.5) N = 67 |
160.0 (148.0, 176.0) N = 62 |
88.0 (80.0, 96.0) N = 63 |
| P values | 0.80 | 0.24 | 0.85 |