Figure 5.

Prediction of the DKD status via machine learning algorithms of the metabolomics data. (A–E) Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for each pairwise prediction by five different machine learning methods. (F–J) Top prediction features selected by random forest impurity measurements. (K–O) Prediction probabilities based on the random forest algorithm. The best cutoff was trained from the discovery cohort and applied to testing cohorts for prediction. Dis. Coh. = Discovery Cohort; Int. Val. = Internal Validation; Ext. Val. = External Validation.