. 2021 Nov 23;18(2):96–110. doi: 10.1038/s41574-021-00593-z

Table 3.

Potential extra-skeletal benefits of vitamin D supplementation on T2DM or cancer incidence

Authors and ref.	Subgroup of original study population	Number of patients	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval
*Progression of prediabetes to T2DM*
Pittas et al.¹⁷	Group with perfect adherence	NM	0.84	0.71–1.00
Pittas et al.¹⁷	Baseline BMI <30 kg/m²	187	0.71	0.53–0.95
Dawson-Hughes et al.²¹	Serum level of 25OHD throughout the study of 40–50 ng/ml	319	0.48	0.29–0.80
Dawson-Hughes et al.²¹	Serum level of 25OHD throughout the study of >50 ng/ml	430	0.29	0.17–0.50
*Cancer incidence*
Manson et al.¹⁵	Baseline BMI <25 kg/m²	584	0.76	0.63–0.90

Findings are from post hoc analysis or subgroup analysis of the large clinical trials shown in Table 1. 25OHD, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; NM, not mentioned.