Table 2. Mortality Rates and Incidence Rate Ratios for Total Firearm-Related Deaths and Specific Intents Stratified by Race and Ethnicity and Urbanicity .
| Characteristic | Total firearm-related deaths | Homicides | Suicides | Unintentional deaths | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rate per 100 000 youths | IRR (95% CI) | Rate per 100 000 youths | IRR (95% CI) | Rate per 100 000 youths | IRR (95% CI) | Rate per 100 000 youths | IRR (95% CI) | |||||||||
| 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | 2007 | 2016 | |
| Race and ethnicitya | ||||||||||||||||
| Alaska Native or American Indian | 11.0 | 12.0 | 2.4 (1.9-3.0) | 1.9 (1.5-2.4) | 3.8 | 4.5 | 2.7 (1.8-3.8) | 3.3 (2.2-4.7) | 5.7 | 6.3 | 2 (1.4-2.7) | 1.4 (1.0-1.9) | 0.9 | 0.6 | 4.5 (1.8-9.6) | 3.0 (0.8-7.8) |
| Asian | 3.2 | 3.4 | 0.7 (0.6-0.9) | 0.5 (0.4-0.6) | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 (0.8-1.5) | 1 (0.7-1.3) | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 0.4 (0.4-0.5) | 0 | 0 | 0.1 (0-0.8) | 0.1 (0-0.7) |
| Hispanic | 8.2 | 6.2 | 1.8 (1.7-1.9) | 1 (0.9-1.1) | 6.6 | 4.3 | 4.5 (4.1-5.0) | 3.1 (2.8-3.4) | 1.3 | 1.7 | 0.4 (0.4-0.5) | 0.4 (0.3-0.4) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.9 (0.6-1.4) | 0.8 (0.5-1.2) |
| Non-Hispanic | ||||||||||||||||
| Black | 27.3 | 29.9 | 5.9 (5.6-6.2) | 4.8 (4.6-5.1) | 24.5 | 26.5 | 16.9 (15.5-18.3) | 19.1 (17.5-20.8) | 2.0 | 2.9 | 0.7 (0.6-0.8) | 0.6 (0.6-0.7) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 2.4 (1.7-3.4) | 1.9 (1.3-2.8) |
| White | 4.6 | 6.2 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 2.9 | 4.5 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Otherb | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 0.1 (0-0.1) | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) | 0.3 (0.1-0.5) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 (0-0.2) | 0 (0-0.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 (0-0.8) | 0 (0-0.6) |
| Urbanicityc | ||||||||||||||||
| Large central metropolitan | 12.7 | 11.8 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 10.5 | 9.3 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1.9 | 2.3 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Large fringe metropolitan | 6.1 | 6.9 | 0.5 (0.5-0.5) | 0.6 (0.6-0.6) | 4.1 | 4.0 | 0.4 (0.4-0.4) | 0.4 (0.4-0.5) | 1.7 | 2.7 | 0.9 (0.8-1.0) | 1.2 (1.1-1.3) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 (0.5-1.5) | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) |
| Medium metropolitan | 7.5 | 9.0 | 0.6 (0.6-0.6) | 0.8 (0.7-0.8) | 4.6 | 4.9 | 0.4 (0.4-0.5) | 0.5 (0.5-0.6) | 2.5 | 3.8 | 1.3 (1.1-1.5) | 1.7 (1.5-1.9) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.6 (1.0-2.6) | 1.1 (0.7-1.9) |
| Small metropolitan | 5.9 | 8.2 | 0.5 (0.4-0.5) | 0.7 (0.6-0.8) | 2.8 | 3.3 | 0.3 (0.2-0.3) | 0.4 (0.3-0.4) | 2.8 | 4.6 | 1.5 (1.2-1.7) | 2.0 (1.8-2.3) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.5 (0.8-2.6) | 1.5 (0.8-2.7) |
| Micropolitan | 6.2 | 8.5 | 0.5 (0.4-0.5) | 0.7 (0.7-0.8) | 2.5 | 3.0 | 0.2 (0.2-0.3) | 0.3 (0.3-0.4) | 3.2 | 5.0 | 1.7 (1.4-2.0) | 2.2 (1.9-2.5) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2.8 (1.7-4.6) | 2.7 (1.6-4.5) |
| Noncore | 7.9 | 9.5 | 0.6 (0.6-0.7) | 0.8 (0.7-0.9) | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.3 (0.2-0.3) | 0.3 (0.3-0.4) | 4.1 | 5.9 | 2.2 (1.8-2.6) | 2.6 (2.2-3.0) | 0.8 | 0.5 | 5.2 (3.2-8.3) | 3.1 (1.7-5.4) |
Abbreviation: IRR, incidence rate ratio.
a
Race and ethnicity were self-reported or self-selected.
b
The other category included Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and ≥2 races.
c
For analyses, county urbanicity was coded as a categorical variable, either urban (large central metropolitan, large fringe metropolitan, medium metropolitan, and small metropolitan) or rural (micropolitan or noncore).