Inhibition of Csi-let-7a-5p packaged by CsEVs inhibited the hepatic inflammation via targeting at SOCS1 and Dectin-1–mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. (A) The proportions of CD68+CD86+ macrophages (M1-like, the yellow arrows) in the livers of mice that were hydrodynamically injected (intravenouisly) with scrambled-CsEVs (0.5 mg/mL, ∼100 μL) or inhibitor-CsEVs (0.5 mg/mL, ∼100 μL) as determined by immunofluorescence assay. (B) ELISA data showed the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in the homogenate of liver from these mice. (C) The relative expression of Tnfa, Il6, Il1b, and Nos2 mRNAs in the livers from these mice. (D) The relative expression of Socs1 and Clec7a mRNAs in the liver from the mice intravenously injected with PBS (100 μL), CsEVs, scrambled-CsEVs or inhibitor-CsEVs (all 0.5 mg/mL, ∼100 μL). (E) The protein levels of SOCS1, Dectin-1, and P-p65 in the livers from the mice intravenously injected with PBS (100 μL), CsEVs, scrambled-CsEVs or inhibitor-CsEVs (all 0.5 mg/mL, ∼100 μL). The values were expressed as mean ± SEM. Compared with indicated groups, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.