Table 1.

Demographic Features, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes of Adult Patients With Candidemia (N = 1801) by Initial Antifungal Treatment Administered—9 surveillance sites, United States, 2017–2018

	Initial Antifungal Drug Administered
	Echinocandin (n = 1258)	%	Fluconazole (n = 543)	%	PValuea
Characteristic
Age group, y					.4730
18–44	284	22.6	113	20.8
45–64	476	37.8	199	36.6
≥65	498	39.6	231	42.5
Sex b					.1108
Male	700	55.6	280	51.6
Female	558	44.4	263	48.4
Race/ethnicity					.0599
White, NH	635	50.5	311	57.3
Black, NH	341	27.1	133	24.5
Hispanic or Latino	77	6.1	33	6.1
Asian, NH	24	1.9	12	2.2
Otherc, NH	15	1.2	3	0.6
Unknown race and ethnicity	166	13.2	51	9.4
Surveillance site					<.0001
California	104	8.3	36	6.6
Colorado	135	10.7	46	8.5
Georgia	335	26.6	166	30.6
Maryland	233	18.5	54	9.9
Minnesota	167	13.3	57	10.5
New Mexico	24	1.9	17	3.1
New York	56	4.5	24	4.4
Oregon	63	5.0	40	7.4
Tennessee	141	11.2	103	19.0
Underlying conditions and medications
Diabetes	435	34.6	210	38.7	.0962
Solid organ malignancy	268	21.3	116	21.4	.9776
Hematologic malignancy	74	5.9	28	5.2	.5408
Any liver disease	243	19.3	66	12.2	.0002
Hepatitis C	135	10.7	49	9.0	.2722
Cirrhosis	110	8.7	23	4.2	.0008
Chronic renal disease	336	26.7	144	26.5	.9334
Any transplant	40	3.2	9	1.7	.0684
Solid organ transplant	27	2.1	7	1.3	.2200
Stem cell transplant	13	1.0	2	0.4	.2563
HIV	32	2.5	16	2.9	.6262
Advanced HIV disease	14	1.1	7	1.3	.7492
Injection drug use in the past 12 mo	118	9.4	54	9.9	.7082
Abdominal surgery in the 90 d before candidemia diagnosis	268	21.3	103	19.0	.2608
Any surgery in the 90 d before candidemia diagnosis	229	18.2	92	16.9	.5212
Neutropeniad	45	3.6	16	2.9	.4973
Fluconazole prophylaxise	39	3.1	23	4.2	.2251
Healthcare encounters within 90 days before diagnosis
Overnight stay in long-term acute care hospital	20	1.6	12	2.2	.3606
Overnight stay in long-term care facility	116	9.2	45	8.3	.5239
Previous hospitalization	673	53.5	323	59.5	.0190
Outcome
Died during candidemia-associated hospitalizationf	355	28.3	87	16.1	<.0001

Abbreviation: NH, not Hispanic or Latino.

^aP values were calculated using χ² or Fisher’s exact test for proportions.

^bThree patients were transgender.

^cThe other race/ethnicity category includes patients who were NH American Indian or Alaska Native (n = 7, 0.4%), NH Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (n = 7, 0.4%), or NH multiracial (n = 4, 0.2%).

^dNeutropenia was documented on or within 2 days before index culture collection date.

^eFluconazole prophylaxis was administered within 14 days before index culture collection date.

^fMortality outcome data were missing for 6 patients.