Population |
Include: Studies that include dementia populations as main group of study participants from any setting, who had any type of dementia diagnosed by health professionals. The dementia may be mild, moderate or severe. |
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Exclude: Publications focused on non-human populations, persons with other diagnoses than dementia, or populations with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Publications where the study a) investigates effects of interventions on or b) merely is tailored towards other persons than the People living with Dementia (PlwD) themselves, e.g., informal caregivers (CGs) or healthcare professionals. |
Intervention |
Include: Interventional studies, which focus on Person-Centered Care (PCC) applying the following terminology: a) “person-centered care” or respective synonyms as identified in the search string (see Supplementary Material 2) or b) highlight the perspectives, needs and preferences of the individuals studied. |
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Exclude: Any studies that did not describe a health or social care interventional study. “Interventional study” is defined based on the WHO-definition for “health intervention”: “A health intervention is an act performed for, with or on behalf of a person or population whose purpose is to assess, improve, maintain, promote or modify health, functioning or health conditions.” [95] |
Comparators |
Include: Care as usual or placebo. For some groups, this may include pharmacological interventions. |
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Exclude: Any publication that did not include a control group. |
Outcomes |
Include: At least one of the following outcomes for the PlwD had to be reported in the study: |
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1. Time to care home admission/institutionalization |
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2. Hospital admissions |
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3. Quality of Life (QoL) |
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4. Well-being |
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5. Activities of daily living (ADLs) |
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6. Behavior (e.g., neuropsychiatric symptoms, NPS) |
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7. Cognition |
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8. Mood (e.g., level of depression) |
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9. Acceptance and adherence |
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10. Satisfaction |
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11. Social participation |
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12. Overall survival (OS) |
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13. Progression free survival (PFS) |
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14. Use of medication |
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15. Falls |
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16. Hydration |
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Exclude: Any publication that did not report any outcome measures. Any publication that did not report at least one of the patient-relevant outcomes for PlwD as listed above. |
Study Design |
Include: Only original research, concretely studies designed as Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and Non-Randomized Controlled Studies (NRS) [96], e.g., non-randomized controlled trials, controlled before-and-after studies, interrupted time series studies, historically controlled studies, cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies, which report patient relevant outcome measurements of PC-interventions, were included. |
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Exclude: Any publication that was not available in English or German language. Publications not available as a full text journal article (i.e., conference abstracts or proceedings, books, letters or correspondence, editorials), or those that do not describe the methodology of investigation, were excluded. Similarly, reviews, protocols, pilot/exploratory studies, case reports, professional discussions, opinion pieces and descriptive studies of general service use not involving a designated intervention, as well as all qualitative research were excluded. |