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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 3.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Aug 3;78(5):513–531. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.05.035

Figure 5: Management of Obesities throughout the Spectrum of Disease Progression.

Figure 5:

Lifestyle changes are recommended in all obesities. Medical treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is also indicated, except perhaps in very advanced renal and/or heart failure where statin therapy is not recommended. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are indicated in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the presence of CVD in all obesities. SGLT2 inhibitors are also indicated in patients with heart and/or kidney failure. Glucagon-like protein-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) are indicated in patients with T2D with CVD. Liraglutide is indicated for treatment of obesity. Weight loss drugs/bariatric surgery should be considered in high-risk patients with severe obesity.