Table 5.

Current modalities of cellular immunotherapy: pros and cons

	Clinical indications		Disadvantages needed to be improved
CAR-T-cell therapy	1.	This therapy elicits rapid and high response in refractory cases	1.	This therapy has non-durable efficacy
	2.	CAR-T therapy may be an effective way to induce remission and serve as a “bridge to transplant”	2.	Suitable targets as effective as CD19 in non-B-cell malignancies are lacking
			3.	Toxicity is unavoidable and unpredictable
NK cell-based therapy	1.	NK cells provide an “off-the-shelf” product and could be readily available for immediate clinical use	1.	The efficacy of adoptively transferred allogeneic NK cell infusion is relatively limited
	2.	NK cell-based therapy could be applied in refractory, MRD positive, or remission cases in non- transplant settings, and could complement HSCT	2.	CAR-modified NK cell therapy is largely in the preclinical phase
Allo-HSCT	This therapy is currently the only curative option for hematologic malignancy		1.	There is a certain incidence of transplant related mortality
			2.	GvHD might affect quality of life