Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Included Participants by Baseline Atrial Fibrillation Status
| No Atrial Fibrillation (n=23,889) | Atrial Fibrillation (n=1,896) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean [95% CI]) | 64.2 (64.1, 64.4) | 66.8 (66.3, 67.2) | <0.001 |
| Male Sex (%) | 45.0 | 44.8 | 0.829 |
| Black Race (%) | 40.6 | 35.8 | <0.001 |
| Annual Income (%) | |||
| <$20,000 | 16.6 | 20.1 | |
| $20,000–$34,999 | 23.8 | 25.3 | |
| $35,000–$74,999 | 30.6 | 28.0 | <0.001 |
| ≥$75,000 | 17.2 | 13.1 | |
| Refused | 11.9 | 13.5 | |
| Education (%) | |||
| < High School | 11.4 | 12.0 | |
| High School Graduate | 25.3 | 27.6 | 0.030 |
| Some College | 26.9 | 27.0 | |
| ≥ College | 36.4 | 33.3 | |
| Region (%) | |||
| Stroke Belt | 34.4 | 33.8 | 0.019 |
| Stroke Buckle | 20.6 | 23.3 | |
| Other | 45.0 | 42.9 | |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73m2; mean [95% CI]) | 86.6 (86.4, 86.8) | 82.5 (81.8, 83.2) | <0.001 |
| Smoking History (pack-years; median [IQR]) | 0.3 [0, 19] | 1.5 [0, 22] | <0.001 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg, mean [95% CI]) | 127.2 (127.0, 127.4) | 127.9 (127.2, 128.7) | 0.07 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 18.7 | 21.0 | 0.014 |
| Body Mass Index (%) | |||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 1.1 | 1.2 | |
| Normal Weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 24.8 | 26.3 | 0.401 |
| Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) | 38.0 | 36.5 | |
| Obesity (≥30 kg/m2) | 36.1 | 36.0 | |
| Warfarin Use (%) | 1.4 | 17.9 | <0.001 |
| Statin Use (%) | 28.8 | 35.6 | <0.001 |
| Aspirin Use (%) | 41.2 | 47.5 | <0.001 |
| Low-Density Lipoprotein (mmol/L; mean [95% CI]) | 3.00 (2.98, 3.01) | 2.84 (2.80, 2.88) | <0.001 |
| Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (%) | 9.2 | 9.0 | 0.867 |
| Antihypertensive Drug Use (%) | 51.8 | 64.1 | <0.001 |
| Baseline Coronary Heart Disease (%) | 13.4 | 30.9 | <0.001 |
| Coronary Heart Disease Events in Follow-Up (%) | 5.1 | 8.8 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; mmHg, millimeters of mercury; mmol/L, millimoles per liter; IQR, interquartile range