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(A) Release kinetics of TGF-β1 from printed cartilage layer. (A) Release kinetics of TGF-β1 from printed cartilage layer. (B) Release kinetics of BMP-2 from printed bone layer. mRNA expression level of cartilage-related genes, including (C) collagen type I (COL I, a fibrotic marker gene), (D) collagen type II (COL II), (E) aggrecan (ACAN), and (F) SOX-9 in cartilage layer group (C group) and cartilage layer loaded with TGF-β1 group (C+TGF-β group) on days 7 and 14 (n = 3; *P < 0.05).
