Figure 3.

Study flowchart. We recruited 67 patients, of which 8 initially randomized to ET‐GP were crossed over to the PVI group due to sustained AF precluding completion of ET‐GP mapping protocol. After changing our protocol to allow completion of GP mapping in AF, we randomized patients 2:1 for GP ablation until more equal distribution of patients into each group. The final number of patients receiving PVI and GP ablation were 36 and 31, respectively. Five patients from the GP ablation group had a combination of ET‐GP and AVD‐GP ablation. AF, atrial fibrillation; AVD‐GP, atrioventricular‐dissociating ganglionated plexus; ET‐GP, ectopy‐triggering ganglionated plexus; GP, ganglionated plexus; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation