Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics.
| Number of patients | N | TCZ (TCZ ± corticosteroid) | DEX | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | 35 | |||
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Age, Mean (SD) | Years | 60 (13.59) | 63.0 (17.59) | 0.0129* |
| Male sex | N (%) | 87 (87) | 23 (65.7) | 0.0053** |
| Body mass index | Kg/m2 | 31.2 (9.31) | 31.9 (14.21) | 0.4738* |
| Obese | N (%) | 45 (45) | 15 (42.9) | 0.8262** |
| Hypertension | N (%) | 47 (47) | 24 (68.6) | 0.0278** |
| Diabetes mellitus | N (%) | 44 (44) | 26 (74.3) | 0.0020** |
| Heart Disease | N (%) | 9 (9) | 11 (31.4) | 0.0013** |
| Immunocompromised | N (%) | 44 (44.0) | 19 (54.3) | 0.2938** |
| Onset of symptoms to administration of TCZ or DEX | Days (SD) | 7 (5.47) | 7.9 (7.28) | 0.9899* |
| Laboratory parameters- pre TCZ or DEX dose | ||||
| C-reactive protein (CRP) | mg/dL | 249.8 (177.9) | 116.2 (88.38) | <0.0001* |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | U/L | 645.0 (213.17) | 497.2 (199) | 0.0004* |
| Ferritin | ng/mL | 2231.9 (2305.26) | 782 (902.75) | <0.0001* |
| Procalcitonin (PCT) | ng/mL | 1.7 (4.69) | 0.7 (1.08) | 0.0888* |
| Platelets | 109/L | 293 (105) | 257(153.3) | 0.218* |
| Lymphocytes | 109/L | 1.0 (0.58) | 1.3 (0.86) | 0.0997* |
| D-dimer | mcg/mL | 6.5 (10.8) | 4.6 (9.15) | 0.2131* |
| Clinical status before administering TCZ or DEX | ||||
| Rapid deterioration in respiratory function | N (%) | 95 (95) | 26 (74.3) | 0.0016*** |
| Persistent fever | N (%) | 68 (68) | 7 (20) | <0.0001** |
| Infiltrates on CXR/chest CT | N (%) | 94 (94) | 34 (97.1) | 0.6764*** |
| ICU stay | N (%) | 65 (65) | 13 (37.1) | 0.0041** |
| Type of oxygen support 24 h pre dose | MV, N (%) | 39 (39) | 6 (17.1) | <0.0001*** |
| NIV, N (%) | 61 (61) | 29 (82.9) | ||
| Corticosteroids and TCZ administration information | ||||
| TCZ dose | Mean (SD) | 625.6 (155.35) | – | |
| Frequency of TCZ | 1, N (%) | 100 (100) | – | |
| 2, N (%) | 13 (13) | – | ||
| 3, N (%) | 3 (3) | – | ||
| Received corticosteroid | N (%) | 66 (66) | 35 (100) | <0.0001** |
| Duration of corticosteroid | Mean (SD) | 10 (5.34) | 9 (2.44) | 0.7421* |
| Corticosteroid type | Dexamethasone | 32 (48.5) | 35 (100) | |
| Hydrocortisone | 3 (4.5) | – | ||
| Methylprednisolone | 30 (45.5) | – | ||
| Prednisolone | 1 (1.5) | – | ||
| Other treatment modalities | ||||
| Favipravir | N (%) | 3 (3) | 1 (2.9) | 1.0000*** |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | N (%) | 2 (2) | 7 (20) | 0.0011*** |
| Convalescent plasma | N (%) | 3 (3) | NA | 0.5679*** |
| Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) | N (%) | 12 (12) | 1 (2.9) | 0.1827*** |
| Final disposition for patients requiring ICU admission/transferal | ||||
| ICU admission after TCZ or DEX | N (%) | 20 (20) | 17 (48.6) | 0.0011** |
| ICU discharge alive for patients who went to ICU after receiving TCZ or DEX | N (%) | 14 (70) | 10 (58.8) | 0.4779** |
| ICU length of stay | Mean (SD) | 9.4 (5.62) | 8.8 (6.97) | 0.8305** |
| ARDS | N (%) | 65 (65) | 29 (82.9) | 0.0480** |
| Total number of pts required Mechanical ventilation | N (%) | 63 (63) | 18 (51.4) | 0.2291** |
| Septic shock after Dex or TCZ | N (%) | 21 (21) | 7 (20) | 0.9001** |
*
Wilcoxon rank sum test is used to calculate the p-value.
**
Chi-square test is used to calculate the p-value.
***
Fisher exact test is used to calculate the P-value.