Figure 1.

Analysis of Mincle/Syk pathway activation in patients with TBI, and mouse TBI models in vivo or in vitro. Brain tissues were collected from patients with TBI, mice following TBI induction and microglial cells. The levels of p-Syk, total Syk and Mincle expression were determined via western blot analysis of (A) patient samples, (B) mouse samples after CCI and (C) primary microglia following treatment with CCE in vitro. ^**P<0.01, ^***P<0.001. TBI, traumatic brain injury; Mincle, macrophage-inducible C-type lectin; p, phosphorylated; t, total; Syk, spleen tyrosine kinase; CCI, controlled cortical impact; CCE, cerebral cortex extract.