Fig. 3. Errors stemming from synthesis followed by sequencing.

(A) Insertions (Ins), deletions (Del), and substitutions (Sub) per position for a synthesized and PCR-amplified 180-base sequence. (B) Electrophoresis image of synthesis products after PCR amplification. (C) Message encoded into 64 bytes split into four unique sequences of 104 bases (top). Insertions, deletions, and substitutions per locus of each of the four sequences in the multiplex synthesis run. In every error analysis graph, the terminal 20 bases at both 3′ and 5′ ends come from the primers used in PCR and are not representative of the synthesized errors.