Table 1.
Pre-operative demographics of patients and hernia characteristics
| N = 1536 | ACS N = 1193 | PCS N = 343 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics and comorbidities | ||||
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 64.0 (55.0–71.0) | 64.0 (54.0–72.0) | 64.0 (55.0–70.0) | 0.972 |
| Age > 70 years, N (%) | 480 (31.3) | 383 (32.1) | 97 (28.3) | 0.178 |
| Sex female, N (%) | 699 (45.5) | 552 (46.3) | 147 (43.0) | 0.282 |
| BMI, kg/m2 median (IQR) | 29.7 (26.5–33.5) | 29.7 (26.6–33.5) | 29.4 (26.3–33.3) | 0.399 |
| BMI > 30 kg/m2 (obesity), N (%) | 747 (48.7) | 586 (49.2) | 161 (46.9) | 0.452 |
| BMI > 35 kg/m2 (severe obesity), N (%) | 293 (19.1) | 229 (19.2) | 64 (18.7) | 0.808 |
| Alcohol abuse, N (%) | 204 (13.3) | 159 (13.3) | 45 (13.1) | 0.920 |
| Smoking N (%) | 403 (26.2) | 324 (27.2) | 79 (23.0) | 0.126 |
| AHT, N (%) | 791(51.5) | 633 (53.3) | 158 (46.1) | 0.022 |
| Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 336 (21.9) | 268 (22.5) | 68 (19.8) | 0.297 |
| COPD, N (%) | 277 (18.0) | 227 (19.8) | 50 (14.6) | 0.059 |
| CRF, N = 657 (%) | 65 (9.9) | 30 (8.9) | 35 (11.0) | 0.368 |
| Immunosuppression N = 524 (%) | 79 (15.1) | 69 (15.8) | 10 (11.4) | 0.286 |
| Oncologic history, N (%) | 411 (26.8) | 324 (27.2) | 87 (25.4) | 0.508 |
| AAA, N = 524 (%) | 8 (1.5) | 6 (1.4) | 2 (2.3) | 0.532 |
| ASA III–IV, N (%) | 502 (32.7) | 405 (34.0) | 97 (28.4) | 0.050 |
| Hernia characteristics | ||||
| Location | ||||
| Midline, N (%) | 1349 (87.8) | 1071 (89.8) | 278 (81.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Trocar, N (%) | 55 (3.6) | 29 (2.4) | 26 (7.6) | < 0.0001 |
| Ostomy, N (%) | 65 (4.2) | 39 (3.3) | 26 (7.6) | < 0.0001 |
| Other, N (%) | 71 (4.6) | 67 (5.6) | 4 (1.2) | 0.001 |
| Defect size* | ||||
| Area, cm2 (SD) | 176,9 (140.7) | 187.7 (140.2) | 148.7 (138.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Transverse > 10 cm, (W3) N (%) | 822 (65.9) | 642 (71.0) | 180 (52.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Longitudinal > 10 cm, N (%) | 965 (77.4) | 748 (82.7) | 217 (63.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Previous repair, N (%) | 486 (31.6) | 357 (29.9) | 214 (37.6) | 0.007 |
| Previous mesh, N (%) | 452 (93.0) | 326 (91.3) | 126 (97.7) | 0.015 |
| Classification of complexity** | ||||
| Minor, N (%) | 233 (15.2) | 175 (14.7) | 58 (16.9) | |
| Moderate, N (%) | 577 (37.6) | 447 (37.5) | 130 (37.9) | |
| Major, N (%) | 726 (47.2) | 571 (47.9) | 155 (45.2) | |
| Pre-operative treatment | ||||
| Pneumoperitoneum, N (%) | 73 (4.8) | 60 (5.0) | 13 (3.8) | 0.342 |
| Botulinum toxin, N (%) | 78 (5.1) | 34 (2.8) | 44 (12.8) | < 0.0001 |
BMI body mass index, AHT arterial hypertension, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRF chronic renal failure, AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm, ASA American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status classification
*EHS classification; **Slater NJ et al. [16]