Table 2.
Epidemiological, clinical characteristic, and outcomes of 151 patients with E. faecalis bacteremia
| Variable | All patients n = 151 |
ID consultation n = 58 |
No ID consultation n = 93 |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age (IQR) | 68 (59–78) | 72,5 (60–80) | 68 (57–77) | 0.12 |
| Female sex | 41 (27%) | 11 (19%) | 30 (32%) | 0.07 |
| Charlson index ≥ 5 | 37 (24%) | 18 (44%) | 19 (20%) | 0.14 |
| ICU admission | 64 (42%) | 23 (40%) | 41 (44%) | 0.59 |
| Polymicrobial BSI | 60 (40%) | 19 (32%) | 41 (44%) | 0.17 |
| Underlying conditions | ||||
| ^Diabetes mellitus | 39 (26%) | 18 (31%) | 21 (23%) | 0.22 |
| ^Chronic renal disease | 45 (30%) | 23 (40%) | 22 (24%) | 0.04 |
| ^Chronic liver disease | 15 (10%) | 5 (9%) | 10 (11%) | 0.25 |
| ^Malignancy | 65 (43%) | 15 (26%) | 50 (54%) | 0.002 |
| ^Pacemaker | 20 (13%) | 13 (22%) | 7 (8%) | 0.009 |
| ^Prosthetic heart valve | 25 (17%) | 18 (31%) | 7 (8%) | < 0.001 |
| ^Intravenous drug abuse | 4 (3%) | 2 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 0.63 |
| ^Severe neutropenia | 2 (1%) | 0 | 2 (2%) | 1.30 |
| ^Severe immunosuppression | 20 (13%) | 6 (10%) | 14 (15%) | 0.40 |
| Acquisition | ||||
| ^Hospital-acquired | 78 (52%) | 26 (45%) | 52 (56%) | 0.18 |
| ^Community-acquired | 39 (26%) | 23 (39%) | 16 (17%) | 0.001 |
| ^Healthcare-associated | 34 (23%) | 9 (16%) | 25 (27%) | 0.06 |
| Complicated bacteraemiaa | 106 (70%) | 50 (86%) | 56 (60%) | 0.001 |
| ^Hemodynamic instability/shock | 28 (19%) | 10 (17%) | 18 (19%) | 0.75 |
| ^Persistent positive blood culture | 15 (10%) | 11 (19%) | 4 (4%) | 0.004 |
| ^Endocarditis or deep-seated focus | 82 (54%) | 39 (67%) | 43 (46%) | 0.045 |
| ^Intravascular device or foreign body | 39 (26%) | 26 (45%) | 13 (14%) | < 0.001 |
| Portal of entry | ||||
| ^Unknown | 36 (24%) | 25 (43%) | 11 (12%) | < 0.001 |
| ^Intravascular device | 25 (17%) | 11 (19%) | 14 (15%) | 0.53 |
| ^Abdominal surgery | 24 (16%) | 3 (5%) | 21 (23%) | 0.004 |
| ^Biliary tract or stent | 23 (15%) | 5 (9%) | 18 (19%) | 0.07 |
| ^Urinary tract | 21 (14%) | 3 (5%) | 18 (19%) | 0.07 |
| ^Gastrointestinal tract | 15 (10%) | 9 (16%) | 6 (6%) | 0.14 |
| ^others | 7 (4%) | 2 (3%) | 5 (5%) | 0.79 |
| Main focus | ||||
| ^Unknown | 23 (15%) | 9 (15%) | 14 (14%) | 0.94 |
| ^Intravascular device | 20 (13%) | 7 (12%) | 13 (14%) | 0.74 |
| ^Endocarditis | 30 (20%) | 30 (52%) | 0 | < 0.001 |
| ^Left (native) | 14 (47%) | 14 (47%) | ||
| ^Left (prosthetic) | 12 (40%) | 12 (40%) | ||
| ^Right (native) | 1 (3%) | 1 (3%) | ||
| ^Pacemaker | 3 (10%) | 3 (10%) | ||
| ^Osteomyelitis/ | 3 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 2 (2%) | 0.85 |
| ^Spondylodiscitis | ||||
| ^Biliary tract/stent | 25 (17%) | 5 (9%) | 20 (22%) | 0.38 |
| ^Other intraabdominal focus | 24 (16%) | 3 (5%) | 21 (23%) | 0.004 |
| ^Urinary tract | 21 (14%) | 2 (3%) | 19 (20%) | 0.003 |
| ^Others | 5 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 4 (4%) | 0.39 |
| Outcome | ||||
| All-cause in-hospital mortality | 35 (23%) | 12 (21%) | 23 (25%) | 0.57 |
| 90-day mortality | 43 (37%) | 16 (37%) | 27 (38%) | 0.95 |
| Relapse of E. faecalis BSI | 9 (8%) | 0 | 9 (13%) | 0.05 |
aMore than one complication is possible in each patient