Table 3.

Peak passive stiffness between pre- and post-test in a paretic hip, knee, and ankle stiffness (unit: Nm).

	ICT-C		Mean difference	t-value	P-value	Effect size
	Pre-test	Post-test
Hip stiffness	1.53 ± 0.23	0.72 ± 0.17	− 0.81	9.16	0.00*	0.95
Knee stiffness	1.17 ± 0.11	0.70 ± 0.15	− 0.47	7.31	0.00*	0.87
Ankle stiffness	0.67 ± 0.33	0.40 ± 0.11	− 0.27	2.34	0.04*	0.68

ICT-C ankle–knee–hip interlimb coordinated humanoid robot combined with conventional physical therapy; *Denotes significance level at P < 0.05.