Table 2.

Categories of governance approaches and mechanisms to preserve or protect soil or land.

category	description
1	regulations to prohibit (or guidance to discourage) certain actions
(a)	—enforced by penalties
(b)	—facilitated by financial support
2	restrictions on development involving change of use
(a)	—enforced by zoning laws
(b)	—enforced by laws (or encouraged by guidance) based on ad hoc site evaluation
(c)	—enforced by public acquisition of land
(d)	—facilitated by financial support
3	generic incentives to preserve land or to enhance its ecosystem services value
(a)	—taking land out of agricultural production
(b)	—converting intensively farmed land via intensification
(c)	—declining to develop land or intensify its use