Table 1.

Overview of commonly used NAFLD risk scores for steatosis in T1D.

Score system	Parameter measured	Variables included in the equation	Commentary
FLI	Steatosis	BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, gGT	Not validated in T1D, triglycerides are highly affected by metabolic control in T1D
HSI	Steatosis	Gender, BMI, AST, ALT, presence of diabetes	Not validated in T1D, gives weight to the presence of diabetes, uncertain which weight to give to T1D
FIB-4	Fibrosis	Age, AST, ALT, platelet count	Not validated in T1D, is used to screen for advanced fibrosis, which is not prevalent in T1D, gives less accurate information on mild fibrosis
NFS	Fibrosis	Age, BMI, presence of diabetes, AST, ALT, platelet count, albumin	Not validated in T1D, gives weight to the presence of diabetes, uncertain which weight to give to T1D, is used to screen for advanced fibrosis, which is not prevalent in T1D, gives less accurate information on mild fibrosis
AST-to-platelet ratio	Fibrosis	AST, platelet count	Not validated in T1D
FibroTest	Fibrosis	Alpha2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A1, haptoglobin, total bilirubin, and gGT, adjusted for age and gender	Not validated in T1D, proprietary panel not universally available in clinical practice
AST/ALT ratio	Fibrosis	AST, ALT	Not validated in T1D

ALT, alanine transferase; AST, aspartate transferase; BMI, body mass index; gGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; FIB-4, fibrosis-4; FLI, fatty liver index; HSI, hepatic steatosis index; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NFS, NAFLD fibrosis score; T1D, type 1 diabetes.