Fig. 5.

Migration, NK-cell activation, and T-cell expansion by BDCs. a Expansion of T cells specific for CEF, WT1, and SARS-CoV-2 by BDCs activated with TLR ligands (n = 3–4). b Representative flow cytometry analysis of antigen-specific T-cell expansion by BDCs activated with R848 + poly(I:C). BDCs were either not pulsed (left) or pulsed with peptides (right) prior to co-culturing with autologous T cells. c Activation of NK cells in co-cultures with autologous BDCs activated with TLR ligands (n = 9). d Representative example for NK-cell activation by BDCs. Color coding: NK cells only (light green), BDCs activated without TLR ligands (green) and with R848 + poly(I:C) (dark green). e Secretion of IFN-γ in co-cultures of NK cells and autologous BDCs (n = 7). Migration of BDC subsets towards CCL-19 (f) and CCL-21 (g) upon activation with TLR ligands in a transwell assay (n = 6). Bars represent mean ± SEM. Statistical tests: paired one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparison test (c, e), Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test (f, g), *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001