Table 1.
Dairy farms with reproductive problems under different farm characteristics with level of significance between categories.
| Farm Characteristics | Categories | No. of Dairy Farms that Reported the Occurrence of One or More Reproductive Problems/Corresponding Total (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repeat Breeding | Abortion | Retained Placenta | Purulent Vaginal Discharge | Stillbirth | ||
| Location of the farms in states | Assam | 59/242(24.4) ** | 35/242(14.5) | 34/242(14.0) | 26/242(10.7) | 3/242 (1.2) * |
| Bihar | 132/292(45.4) | 38/292(13.0) | 39/292(13.3) | 23/292(7.9) | 12/292 (4.1) | |
| Location of the farms in urban and rural areas | Rural | 71/247(28.7) * | 23/247(9.3) ** | 21/247(8.5) ** | 16/247(6.5) * | 3/246 (1.2) * |
| Urban | 120/287(41.8) | 50/285(17.5) | 52/286(18.2) | 33/286(11.5) | 12/282 (4.3) | |
| Farm size based on herd strength | Small (1–3 dairy animals) | 99/306(32.3) ** | 18/305(5.9) ** | 25/305(8.2) ** | 10/305(3.3) ** | 5/304 (1.6) * |
| Medium (4–10 dairy animals) | 56/178(31.5) | 27/177(15.2) | 23/178(12.9) | 19/178(10.7) | 6/176 (3.4) | |
| Large (>10 dairy animals) | 36/50(72.0) | 28/50(56.0) | 25/50(50.0) | 20/50(40.0) | 4/48 (8.3) | |
| Rearing system followed | Fully stall-fed | 165/316(52.2) ** | 64/315(20.3) ** | 65/315(20.6) ** | 43/315(13.6) ** | 14/310 (4.5) ** |
| Partly stall-fed | 26/218(8.2) | 9/217(4.1) | 8/218(3.7) | 6/218(2.7) | 1/218 (0.5) | |
| Breed of the animals kept | Indigenous | 12/154(7.8) ** | 3/154(1.9) ** | 2/154(1.3) ** | 2/154(1.3) ** | 0/154 (0) |
| Improved | 179/380(47.1) | 70/380(18.4) | 71/380(18.7) | 47/380(12.4) | 15/380 (3.9) | |
* Significant (p ≤ 0.05) ** Highly significant (p ≤ 0.001).