Figure 2.

The effects of supplementing FF EV and non-EV fractions on the viability, capacitation and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa. (A) The viability of spermatozoa at 0 and 4 h in response to different supplementations. (B) The percentage of spermatozoa in the different stages of the capacitation process at 0 and 4 h after supplementation. (C) The percentage of spermatozoa in the different stages of acrosome reaction at 0 and 4 h after supplementation. Error bars display the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Different symbols represent measurements of samples from different bulls. Asterisks mark statistically significant differences among the supplementation groups and relate to p-values as follows: ** p ≤ 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001.