Outcome Measure	Area of Focus	Reasons of Choice
Flow Mediated Dilation (%FMD)	Macrovascular function (NO bioavailability at arterial level).	It is a non-invasive, highly reproducible assessment. Reduced altered brachial artery FMD is considered an early marker for endothelial dysfunction, a CVD risk factor and can predict long-term adverse cardiovascular events.
Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) responses to acetylcholine (ACh)	Microvascular function (endothelial-dependent vasodilation; NO bioavailability at microvascular level).	It is the only non-invasive measure that can assess reliably endothelial-dependent vasodilatory function in general and NO bioavailability in particular, at a microcirculatory level.
Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP)	Microvascular function (endothelial-independent vasodilation; smooth muscle cell function at microvascular level).	It is the only non-invasive measure that can assess reliably endothelial-independent vasodilatory function. Smooth muscle cells are the most numerous components of the arterial and venous wall, playing a key role in vasodilation and in the progression of pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis.
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)	Macrovascular function (surrogate marker for arterial stiffness).	This is a readily available, non-invasive measure (i.e., measured through Systolic and Diastolic blood pressure measurements), that can indicate changes in arterial stiffness when direct measures (e.g., pulse wave velocity) are not available or there is a need to reduce participant burden.