Table 4.

Nanopesticides synthesized using host–guest supramolecular chemistry using zinc-layered hydroxide as the host and various AIs as the guest for various targets and advantages.

AI Guests	Target/Advantages	Source(s)
Isoprocarb	A mesoporous-type material forming an environmentally friendly insecticide	[61]
Carbamate	A significantly improved thermal stability of the anion compared to its pure form.	[62]
3-(4-Methoxyphenyl) Propionic	Can be synthesized using ion exchange and co-precipitation methods for the formation of a new generation of agrochemicals.	[63]
Imidacloprid	Good controlled-release properties, overcoming the excessive usage of insecticide in paddy cultivation.	[64]
4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy) Butyrate and 2-(3-Chlorophenoxy) Propionate	Has the dual-guest controlled-release formulation	[65]
2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxyacetic	Has sustained release of the AI from the nanopesticides.	[66]
3-glycidyloxypropyl) Trimethoxysilane	The release of the AI was governed by the pseudo-second-order and parabolic-diffusion Models.	[67]
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate	Improvement of an environmentally friendly pesticide formulation	[68]
Chlorpyrifos/Dodecylbenzenesulfonate	The intercalated pesticide has higher thermal stability. The release rates and equilibrium release amounts of the pesticide were closely dependent on micelles types and release media	[69]