Table 1.
Drug Class | AG | CHL | Macrolide | Penicillin | Penicillin-Like | Cephalosporins | Monobactam | Carbapenems | Quinolones | Polymyxin | TET | Genes Identified | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antibiotic | S | CHL | AZM | ERY | PEN | AMP | AMC | CTX | CRO | CPD | AZT | DOR | MEM | IPM | CIP | LEV | CT | DOX | ||
Conc. µg/Disk | 10 | 30 | 15 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 20:10 | 5 | 30 | 10 | 30 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 30 | |
A. baumanii * | 13 | 9 | 16 | 9 | 0 R | 8 | 19 | 16 | 17 | 15 | 11 | 29 A I | 25 B S | 30 D S | 30 D S | 32 H S | 0 R | 13 | 10 | blaTEM |
A. beijerinckii * | 18 | 21 | 16 | 20 | 0 R | 8 | 19 | 11 | 15 | 13 | 18 | 28 A I | 23 B S | 30 D S | 16 D R | 21 H I | 0 R | 14 | 14 | blaTEM |
A. lwoffii * | 19 | 25 | 26 | 21 | 13 | 18 | 21 | 17 | 25 | 19 | 8 | 20 A R | 24 B S | 30 D S | 24 D S | 30 H S | 14 | 14 | 25 | blaTEM |
P. aeruginosa * | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R E | 0 R A | 0 R E | 19 H R | 0 R G | 0 R A | 14 | 19 | 10 | blaTEM |
P. fulva * | 13 | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 8 | 9 | 20 | 0 R | 20 E I | 21 A R | 16 E R | 30 H I | 26 G I | 20 A R | 14 | 18 | 12 | blaTEM |
P. fluorescens * | 16 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 0 R | 0 R | 15 | 16 | 19 | 13 | 15 E R | 20 A R | 17 E R | 25 H I | 25 G R | 24 A S | 14 | 16 | 19 | - |
E. coli ** | 9 | 18 J S | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R L | 12 L R | 16 J R | 17 A R | 15 D R | 12 D R | 21 D I | 23 K S | 20 M I | 24 A I | 24 M S | 13 | 15 | 9 | blaTEM, blaAmpC |
K. pneumoniae * | 8 | 0 R J | 13 | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R L | 0 R L | 22 J S | 21 A R | 16 D R | 19 D R | 25 D S | 26 K S | 30 M S | 10 A R | 13 M R | 12 | 16 | 0 R | blaTEM |
C. freundii * | 0 R | 17 J R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R L | 20 L S | 16 J R | 19 A R | 18 D R | 18 D R | 14 D R | 17 K I | 22 M I | 24 A I | 22 M I | 11 | 15 | 17 | blaCTX-M1 |
P. pulmonis * | 0 R | 13 | 14 | 10 | 0 R | 0 R | 16 | 0 R | 20 | 20 | 0 R | 25 | 27 | 30 | 19 | 19 | 17 | 20 | 15 | blaTEM |
P. mirabilis ^ | 10 | 18 J | 0 R | 0 R | 10 | 10 L R | 17 L S | 26 J S | 26 A S | 26 D S | 30 D S | 10 D R | 18 K I | 15 M R | 32 A S | 30 M S | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | blaTEM |
P. penneri ^ | 10 | 0 R J | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R L | 8 L R | 24 J S | 25 A S | 24 D S | 33 D S | 19 D R | 20 K I | 20 M I | 20 A R | 19 M I | 0 R | 0 R | 0 R | blaTEM |
N. gonorrhoea | 0 R | 29 | 0 R | 0 R | 27 | 27 | 29 | 27 | 29 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 30 | 40 | 26 | 30 | 0 R | 0 R | 15 | - |
Abbreviations: AG = aminoglycoside, S = streptomycin, CHL = chloramphenicol, AZM = azithromycin, ERY = erythromycin, PEN = penicillin, AMP—ampicillin, AMC = amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, CTX = cefotaxime, CRO = ceftriaxone, CPD = cefpodoxime, AZT = aztreonam, DOR = doripenem, MEM = meropenem, IPM = imipenem, CIP = ciprofloxacin, LEV = levofloxacin, CT = colistin, TET = tetracycline, and DOX = doxycycline. ^ Broad-spectrum β-Lactamase producer, * ESBL producer, ** ESBL and AmpC producer. EUCAST target zones to indicate susceptibility represented by alphabetical lettering (A = 22 mm, B = 15 mm, D = 21 mm, E = 18 mm, G = 26 mm, H = 20 mm, J = 17 mm, K = 16 mm, L = 14 mm, and M = 19 mm) where S denotes “Susceptible”, I denotes “Susceptible, increased exposure, and R denotes “Resistance” to antibiotic drug.