Table 2.

Effect of interventions of BKCa β1-sub unit in various disease models.

Compound	(Disease) Model	Effect on BKCa	Effects in the Model	Potential Mechanisms	References
Knocking down KCNMB1	Chronic hypoxia-induced PH mouse model employing Kcnmb1−/− mouse	Inhibition	Increased pulmonary vascular response to acute and chronic hypoxia and increased RV pressure in vivo Increased focal complex expression in PASMCs in vitro	Downregulates BKCa channels (mRNA, protein and function) in PASMCs	[77]
Knocking down HIF-1α or KCNMB1	Subacute hypoxia in hPASMCs	Inhibits upregulation of KCNMB1 in response to hypoxia	Potentiated the hypoxic-mediated increase in [Ca2+]i in vitro Strongly vasodilated PA rings ex vivo	Downregulates BKCa channels (mRNA, protein and function) in PASMCs	[79]
Overexpression or inhibition of miR-29b	Healthy and IPAH PASMCs	Inhibition or activation, respectively	Decreased BKCa channel currents and downregulated KCNMB1 in normal PASMCs in vitro Increased BKCa channel activity and upregulated KCNMB1 in IPAH-PASMC in vitro	Downregulation or activation of the channel in PASMCs	[80]
Upregulated KCNMB1	IPF fibroblasts	Activation	Increased BKCa channel activity in vitro	Upregulated BKCa mRNA and protein in IPF fibroblasts	[83]