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. 2021 Nov 1;9(11):1592. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9111592

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Assessment of nanoparticles internalization by rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). (A) Live cell imaging. Scale bar, 100 μm. (B,C) TEM image of the SPIONs accumulated in the MSCs. White arrows point to secondary endosomes filled with heterogeneous material, including electron-dense nanoparticles. Scale bars: (B,C) 100 nm and 1 μm, respectively. (D) The influence of the SPIONs on the viability of cells, MTT data. (E) Prussian blue staining of the SPION-loaded MCSs and control (non-treated cells), respectively. (F) Confocal microscopy images of rat MSCs co-incubated with SPIONs and control (non-treated cells), respectively. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). SPIONs were detected by reflective laser scanning (green). Scale bars: (E,F) 50 µm.