Table 3.

List of common infections and their etiologies in patients with diabetes.

Organ System	Infection Type	Organisms
Soft Tissues and bones	Diabetic foot, osteomyelitis & septic arthritis	Aerobic Gram-positive cocci including staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus pyogenes, gram-negative bacilli, and anaerobic organisms
	Necrotizing fasciitis	S. aureus, S. pyogenes, enterobacteriaceae, vibrio species, aeromonas species, salmonella species, and anaerobic organisms
	Cellulitis	S. aureus, S. pyogenes, corynebacterium jeikeium, pseudomonas aeruginosa (ecthyma gangrenosum)
Genito-urinary tract	Urinary tract infection: cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis,	Escherichia coli, klebsiella species and other enterobacteria, acinetobacter species, P. aeruginosa. S. agalactiae, candida albicans, and other yeasts
	vulvovaginitis	Candida albicans, and other yeasts, gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis
Respiratory tract	Pneumonia	S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and other Gram-negative, bacilli, legionella species, influenza virus, mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
Head and neck	Mucormycosis (zygomycosis)	Rhizopus species, mucor species
	Malignant otitis externa	P. aeruginosa, aspergillus species, and other fungi
	Endophthalmitis	E. coli, K. pneumoniae
	Periodontal disease	Oral commensals organisms, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia,
Gastrointestinal	Cholecystitis	Enterobacteriaceae: E. coli, other species, anaerobic organisms, Candida species
	Typhlitis	Clostridium species, enterobacteriacae, bacteroides fragilis, candida species
	Perianal abscess	Polymicrobial (Gram-positive cocci, gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes)
Bacteremia and sepsis	Community-acquired and hospital-acquired	viridans Streptococci, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, enterobacteriacae, E. coli, klebsiella species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albican, enterococci, and others